Fats and oils: shortening (2024)

Fats and oils: shortening

Fats and oils: shortening (1)

A shortening is defined as a fat, solid at room temperature, which can be used to give foods a crumbly and crisp texture such as pastry. Examples of fat used as “shorteners” include butter, margarine, vegetable oils and lard.

Fats and oils: shortening (2)

How does it happen?

Oils and fats are used in a baked product to reduce the development of gluten giving the foods a crumbly texture. The fats and oils break down the gluten into “shorter strands” hence the term shorteners. Coating the flour in fat prevents the flour from absorbing water hindering the formation of gluten. If too much gluten developed, the food would be stretchy and elastic.

Shortening is used in most doughs and batters, to give the baked product a crisp and crumbly texture. Rubbing the fat in causes the baked product to have a flaky texture, as the dough is separated into layers. When fat is whisked with sugar, a process called creaming, the texture will be more like a cake, and be soft and springy.

The type of fat used will also affect the colour of the product. For example, using margarine will give the baked product a golden colour, whereas lard produces a product with a pale yellow colour.

Recap: fats, solid at room temperature can give food a crumbly texture. They are called shorteners as they break down gluten into shorter strands, hindering the formation of gluten (which would make the dough more stretchy) by preventing the flour from absorbing water.

More information

OCR Topic exploration pack: Pastry

Fats and oils: shortening (2024)

FAQs

Is Crisco shortening bad for your health? ›

Many processed vegetable shorteners have been made with hydrogenated oils and trans fats to improve their shelf life and cost efficiency. However, these fats have been linked to a number of health problems, including increased risk for heart disease, heart attacks and stroke.

What is healthier, Crisco or lard? ›

Made from vegetable oils — often soybean, cottonseed, or palm oils — vegetable shortening is a vegetarian alternative to lard. Introduced as Crisco to consumers in 1911, it became a popular "healthy" choice, though research now shows there isn't too much difference between the two when it comes to nutrition.

What are the 4 types of shortening? ›

According to The Spruce Eats, there are four common types of vegetable shortenings: solid, liquid, all-purpose, and cake or icing shortening.

What is the difference between Crisco shortening and Crisco oil? ›

Shortening makes baked goods fluffier and flakier, while oils provide a denser and heavier texture. We don't recommend using oil to grease baking pans.

What is the healthiest shortening to use in baking? ›

Avocado oil, olive oil, and coconut oil are some of the best plant oils for cooking and baking. You can replace shortening with alternatives like butter, coconut oil, palm oil, or other healthy plant oils.

What is the healthiest oil to cook with? ›

Oils with more monounsaturated fats, such as rapeseed and olive, are also less susceptible to heat. Rapeseed oil (often sold as generic vegetable oil) and inexpensive olive oil are therefore the best choices for cooking. All cooking fats add fat and calories to your diet.

What is a replacement for shortening? ›

Margarine and butter can both be used as a substitute for shortening, though their moisture contents should be taken into consideration before making the swap. While shortening is 100% fat, margarine and butter contain a small percentage of water (so, shortening adds more fat, thus more richness and tenderness).

Is lard bad for your arteries? ›

Before we embraced eating real food we might have believed that eating low fat diets were the way to go. Our recent generations have shied away from eating lard because it has a bad rap of clogging your arteries, raising your cholesterol and causing heart disease. Also not true.

What kind of shortening do bakeries use? ›

That type of shortening is called high ratio shortening. This ingredient was designed specifically for baking. It is made up of 100% fat with added emulsifiers. High ratio shortening can be perfectly and seamlessly blended into other ingredients like sugar and flour.

Why isn't shortening used anymore? ›

After the discovery that trans fats are linked with heart problems, consumers in more recent years have opted to use various substitutes for shortening. In order to compete, Crisco had to change its recipe.

What was margarine invented for originally? ›

Margarine was invented in France by Hippolyte Mèges-Mouries in response to Napoleon III's call for a cheap alternative to butter for French workers and for his armies in the Franco-Prussian war. The first margarine, consisting of beef tallow churned with milk, was patented in 1869.

Do you refrigerate shortening after opening? ›

A: No it does not have to be stored in the fridge. Treat it the same as you would for a can of Crisco.

Can Crisco go bad? ›

Information. The Food Marketing Institute's FoodKeeper recommends storing unopened solid shortening, such as Crisco shortening, at room temperature for 8 months. After opening, store at room temperature for 3 months for best quality.

Why is Crisco shortening so expensive? ›

Net sales of Crisco shortening and cooking oil jumped nearly 23% in the second quarter, mostly driven by price increases that owner B&G Foods passed to cover “extreme” cost increases for ingredients like soybean and canola oils, the company said in its most recent earnings call.

What is the problem with Crisco? ›

Health Impacts of Crisco

Trans fats have a chemical structure that our bodies have trouble recognizing, and they create free radicals in the body. They are linked to a number of health risks, including: cardiovascular diseases. breast cancer and colon cancer.

What are the hazards of Crisco? ›

Potential health effects Inhalation: May be harmful if inhaled. May cause respiratory tract irritation. Ingestion: May be harmful if swallowed.

What is Crisco Shortening made of? ›

Soybean Oil, Fully Hydrogenated Palm Oil, Palm Oil, Mono And Diglycerides, TBHQ And Citric Acid (Antioxidants). 50% Less Saturated Fat than Butter*Crisco Shortening: 3.5g saturated fat per tablespoon. Butter: 7g saturated fat per tablespoon. Crisco Shortening contains 12g total fat per serving.

Is Crisco healthier than canola oil? ›

Soybean-based vegetable oils like Crisco are usually low in saturated fats and free of trans fats, but canola oil has the least saturated fats among vegetable oils.

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