Gallbladder Disease (2024)

What is gallbladder disease?

Gallbladder disease includes inflammation, infection, stones or blockage of the gallbladder. The gallbladder is a sac located under the liver. It stores and concentrates bile produced in the liver. Bile aids in the digestion of fat and is released from the gallbladder into the upper small intestine in response to food (especially fats). Types of gallbladder disease include:

  • Cholecystitis (inflammation of the gallbladder)
  • Gallstones
  • Chronic acalculous gallbladder disease (in which the natural movements needed to empty the gallbladder do not work well)
  • Gangrene or abscesses
  • Growths of tissue in the gallbladder
  • Congenital defects of the gallbladder
  • Sclerosing cholangitis
  • Tumors of the gallbladder and bile ducts

Symptoms

The mildest and most common symptom of gallbladder disease is intermittent pain called biliary colic. Typically, a patient experiences a steady gripping or gnawing pain in the upper right abdomen near the rib cage, which can be severe and can radiate to the upper back. Some patients with biliary colic experience the pain behind the breastbone. Nausea or vomiting may occur.

Between 1 percent and 3 percent of people with symptomatic gallstones develop inflammation in the gallbladder (acute cholecystitis), which occurs when stones or sludge block the duct. The symptoms are similar to those of biliary colic but are more persistent and severe. They include pain in the upper right abdomen that is severe and constant and may last for days. Pain frequently increases when drawing a breath. About a third of patients have fever and chills. Nausea and vomiting may occur.

Chronic gallbladder disease involves gallstones and mild inflammation. In such cases, the gallbladder may become scarred and stiff. Symptoms of chronic gallbladder disease include complaints of gas, nausea and abdominal discomfort after meals and chronic diarrhea.

Stones lodged in the common bile duct can cause symptoms that are similar to those produced by stones that lodge in the gallbladder, but they may also cause:

  • Jaundice
  • Dark urine, lighter stools or both
  • Rapid heartbeat and abrupt blood pressure drop
  • Fever, chills, nausea and vomiting, with severe pain in the upper right abdomen

Diagnosis

  • Blood tests
  • Ultrasound and other imaging techniques

Treatment

Surgery may be warranted to remove the gallbladder if the patient has gallstones or the gallbladder is not functioning normally. Most of the time this can be performed either laparoscopically (through small incisions) or with robotic-assisted surgery, both as outpatient procedures.

Gallbladder Disease (2024)

FAQs

What are the 3 F's of gallbladder disease? ›

The traditional risk factors for gallstone disease are the four “F's: female, fat, forty, and fertile,” with many studies supporting the known risk factors for gallstone disease.

How bad is gallbladder disease? ›

The condition can be life-threatening, particularly if the infection spreads to other parts of the body. Fistula. In some cases, the inflamed gallbladder adheres to and perforates nearby organs, such as the small intestine.

Can your gallbladder be bad even when tests say it's normal? ›

"Negative to remove my gallbladder" doesn't necessarily mean "normal". My daughter and I had HIDA scans that showed "sluggish" gallbladders, but NO stones or sludge, thus questionable for removal. We both had surgery due to the symptoms, and the pathology findings were chronic severe inflammation.

What happens if you don't remove a bad gallbladder? ›

If gallstones lodge in a bile duct and cause a blockage, it eventually results in severe life-threatening complications such as bile duct inflammation and infection, pancreatitis or cholecystitis (an inflammation of gallbladder). In addition, if left untreated, it might increase risk of “gallbladder cancer”.

What are the odd symptoms of a bad gallbladder? ›

Symptoms of chronic gallbladder disease include complaints of gas, nausea and abdominal discomfort after meals and chronic diarrhea. Stones lodged in the common bile duct can cause symptoms that are similar to those produced by stones that lodge in the gallbladder, but they may also cause: Jaundice.

What not to drink with gallbladder problems? ›

Yes, research shows people who drink a lot of soda and other sugar-sweetened drinks also tend to have more gallbladder problems, including gallbladder cancer. Cutting sweet drinks could reduce symptoms as well as lower your risk for these problems.

Why is everyone having gallbladder problems? ›

“Gallstones are fairly common in Western countries because our diets have more processed and fatty foods,” says David Efron, M.D., chief of acute care surgery at The Johns Hopkins Hospital. “Many of us are walking around with gallstones and don't know it.

What foods aggravate the gallbladder? ›

Limit fats and oils, such as butter, margarine, mayonnaise, and salad dressing, to no more than 1 tablespoon (15 mL) a meal. Avoid high-fat foods, such as: Chocolate, whole milk, ice cream, processed cheese, and egg yolks. Fried, deep fried, or buttered foods.

How long can you live with gallbladder problems? ›

If your gallstones aren't causing symptoms, you may live the rest of your life without any problems. If you do experience symptoms, your doctor may want to remove your gallbladder. You don't need your gallbladder to live. So when it's removed, you won't notice much difference.

What does bad gallbladder poop look like? ›

Lighter-colored stool. Diarrhea. Dark or brown-colored urine. Jaundice, or yellow-ish skin or whites of eyes.

What mimics gallbladder disease? ›

Here are some conditions that could mimic gallbladder pain:
  • Pancreatitis. Your pancreas is in the back of your abdomen, near the duodenum. ...
  • Kidney stones. ...
  • Stomach ulcers. ...
  • Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD (Crohn's disease or colitis). ...
  • Gastroenteritis.
Mar 22, 2024

Can you have a normal ultrasound and still have gallbladder problems? ›

Patients with disabling right upper quadrant pain, a normal abdominal ultrasound, and normal liver tests, amylase, and lipase might have gallbladder dysfunction or SOD.

When is it absolutely necessary to remove gallbladder? ›

Your doctor may recommend surgery if: You have repeated gallstone attacks. The pain from the attacks is severe. You have complications, such as inflammation of the gallbladder or the pancreas.

What are the first signs of a bad gallbladder? ›

The most common symptoms of gallbladder problems are:
  • Abdominal pain, which may range from dull to sharp, and which may worsen after eating a fatty meal.
  • Heartburn, indigestion, and excessive gas.
  • Sensation of fullness in the abdomen.
  • Vomiting or nausea.
  • Fever, shaking, and chills.
  • Tenderness in the upper right abdomen.
Feb 2, 2016

What is the life expectancy of someone without a gallbladder? ›

Gall bladder removal does not shorten your life expectancy. In fact, it may even increase it as your post-surgery habits make it necessary for you to make healthier dietary choices.

What are the symptoms of a low functioning gallbladder? ›

Gallbladder conditions often have similar symptoms, including pain on the mid and upper-right sides of your abdomen, gas and nausea, chills and low grade fever, persistent loose stools that are paler than usual, yellow tint in your skin or eyes, and dark urine. The pain may radiate to the back or right shoulder blade.

What is the fastest way to relieve gallbladder pain? ›

You can:
  1. Apply a warm compress to the painful area. If you use a heating pad, ensure it's not too hot. ...
  2. Drink peppermint tea. The warmth and the peppermint may help soothe the pain.
  3. Take a magnesium supplement. ...
  4. Sleep on your left side so your gallbladder isn't compressed.
Mar 22, 2024

What are the 5 F's for gallbladder? ›

Abstract. Background: The time-honoured mnemonic of '5Fs' is a reminder to students that patients with upper abdominal pain and who conform to a profile of 'fair, fat, female, fertile and forty' are likely to have cholelithiasis.

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