Baking Powder and Baking Soda (2024)

Both baking powder andbaking soda are chemical leavening agents that cause batters to rise whenbaked. The leavener enlarges the bubbles which are already present in thebatter produced through creaming of ingredients. When a recipe contains bakingpowder and baking soda, the baking powder does most of the leavening. The bakingsoda is added to neutralize the acids in the recipe plus to add tenderness andsome leavening. When using baking powder or baking soda in a recipe, make sureto sift or whisk with the other dry ingredients before adding to the batter toensure uniformity. Otherwise the baked good can have large holes.

Baking powder consistsof baking soda, one or more acid salts (cream of tartar and sodium aluminumsulfate) plus cornstarch to absorb any moisture so a reaction does not takeplace until a liquid is added to the batter. Most baking powder used today isdouble-acting which means it reacts to liquid and heat and happens in twostages. The first reaction takes place when you add the baking powder to thebatter and it is moistened. One of the acid salts reacts with the baking sodaand produces carbon dioxide gas. The second reaction takes place when the batteris placed in the oven. The gas cells expand causing the batter to rise. Becauseof the two stages, baking of the batter can be delayed for about 15-20 minuteswithout it losing its leavening power.

Too much baking powdercan cause the batter to be bitter tasting. It can also cause the batter to riserapidly and then collapse. (i.e. The air bubbles in the batter grow too largeand break causing the batter to fall.) Cakes will have a coarse, fragile crumbwith a fallen center. Too little baking powder results in a tough cake that haspoor volume and a compact crumb.

Baking soda, also knownas sodium bicarbonate or bicarbonate of soda (alkali) is about four times asstrong as baking powder. It is used in recipes that contain an acidicingredient (e.g. vinegar, citrus juice, sour cream, yogurt, buttermilk,chocolate, cocoa (not Dutch-processed), honey, molasses (also brown sugar),fruits and maple syrup). Baking soda starts to react and release carbon dioxidegas as soon as it is added to the batter and moistened. Make sure to bake thebatter immediately.

Baking soda has anindefinite shelf life if stored in a sealed container in a cool dry place. Toomuch baking soda will result in a soapy taste with a coarse, open crumb. Bakingsoda causes reddening of cocoa powder when baked, hence the name Devil's FoodCake.

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Baking Powder and Baking Soda (1)

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Baking Soda and Baking Powder

1 teaspoon = 5 grams

To test baking powder's effectiveness: mix 1 teaspoon (5 grams) baking powder with 1/2 cup (120 ml) hot water and the mixture should bubble immediately. Store in a cool dry place and it should be replaced every 6-12 months.

To test baking soda's effectiveness: mix 1/4 teaspoon baking soda with 2 teaspoons of vinegar and the mixture should bubble immediately.

Note: The general rule of thumb for amount of baking powder in recipes: 1 to 2 teaspoons (5-10 grams) of baking powder leavens 1 cup (140 grams) of flour. The amount will depend on the ingredients and how they are mixed.

Substitution for 1 teaspoon commercial baking powder: 1/4 teaspoon (1.25 grams) baking soda, 1/2 teaspoon cream of tartar plus 1/4 teaspoon of cornstarch or 1/4 teaspoon (1.25 grams) baking soda plus 1/2 cup (120 ml) of an acidic ingredient (buttermilk, sour milk or yogurt). Since homemade baking powder immediately releases its carbon dioxide gas when it is added and then moistened by the batter, it is important to bake the batter right away.

Note: Cream of Tartar - Lining the inside of wine caskets after fermentation is a white sediment (tartaric acid). This sediment is removed, purified and then ground to produce a fine white powder which we call cream of tartar. Cream of tartar can be found in the spice section of most grocery stores and should be stored in a cool dry place.

Baking Powder and Baking Soda (2024)

FAQs

Can I use baking soda instead of baking powder? ›

Baking powder is made of baking soda plus cream of tartar and cornstarch. Baking powder can be substituted for baking soda by tripling the amount of baking powder. Baking soda can be substituted for baking powder by dividing the amount of baking powder needed by 4 and adding twice that amount of cream of tartar.

How does baking powder differ from baking soda? ›

Baking soda is pure sodium bicarbonate. Recipes that already have some sort of acid, buttermilk for example, will generally use baking soda. Baking powder is sodium bicarbonate combined with a powdered acid; it is pre-packaged to react in the presence of moisture and heat.

Does baking soda or baking powder make things fluffy? ›

Baking soda changes the texture of baked goods by causing a batter or dough to spread, while baking powder produces light, fluffy texture. Some recipes may call for baking soda or baking powder on their own, while others may require both ingredients to create the ideal balance for great texture.

Why use both baking soda and baking powder? ›

So, then why would some recipes call for both baking powder and baking soda? The most common reason is that these recipes contain an acid, but the combination with baking soda is not enough to fully leaven the recipe, so baking powder is used to add the necessary lift.

What happens if I accidentally used baking soda instead of baking powder? ›

If you accidentally add baking soda instead of baking powder to baked goods, they won't rise because there is not enough acid. To fix this, add about one tablespoon of white or apple cider vinegar for every half teaspoon of baking soda to the liquids before mixing with the dry ingredients.

What will happen if we use baking soda instead of baking powder in cake? ›

Answers: The cake will be bitter as heating baking soda forms sodium carbonate which results in this bitter taste. By the addition of an edible weak acid such as tartaric acid will convert baking soda into baking powder. The role of tartaric acid is to make the cake fluffy.

What happens if you use too much baking powder or baking soda? ›

Too much baking powder can cause the batter to be bitter tasting. It can also cause the batter to rise rapidly and then collapse. (i.e. The air bubbles in the batter grow too large and break causing the batter to fall.) Cakes will have a coarse, fragile crumb with a fallen center.

Why does my cake taste of baking powder? ›

If you do use a little too much, it can leave an almost bitter taste to your baked goods. Baking powder also won't affect the colour of your baked batter, so its great to use in things where you want a very light colour like a white cake.

What happens if I don't add baking powder to cake? ›

Baking powder, in particular, is one of those ingredients you can easily run out of without noticing, but when it comes to baking, it does a very particular job, and can be difficult to replace. Most baked goods need a leavening agent to make them rise, and if you leave it out, your cake or your cookies will fall flat.

Do you add baking soda or baking powder to pancakes? ›

Adding baking powder is the easiest way to make fluffy pancakes. There's more than one way to make the bubbles that make a pancake fluffy, but the easiest way is by adding a raising agent such as baking powder.

Do you use baking soda or baking powder in muffins? ›

Baking soda is most commonly used in cookie and muffin recipes. Baking powder, however, already contains an acid and a base and has a more neutral taste, which works great when baking cakes and bread.

What is a substitute for 1 teaspoon of baking powder? ›

To substitute 1 teaspoon of baking powder: Combine 1/4 teaspoon baking soda with 1/2 teaspoon white vinegar or 1/2 teaspoon lemon juice.

What happens if I don't use baking powder? ›

Baking powder, in particular, is one of those ingredients you can easily run out of without noticing, but when it comes to baking, it does a very particular job, and can be difficult to replace. Most baked goods need a leavening agent to make them rise, and if you leave it out, your cake or your cookies will fall flat.

Should I use baking soda or baking powder in muffins? ›

Because of baking soda's bitter taste, it must be paired with a sweeter tasting acidic compound. Baking soda is most commonly used in cookie and muffin recipes. Baking powder, however, already contains an acid and a base and has a more neutral taste, which works great when baking cakes and bread.

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