All About Passover Baking (2024)

  • Entertaining
  • Holiday Planning

Food is central to any Passover celebration, but it also comes with a number of restrictions that can pose a challenge for the home baker. I'll give a brief overview of Passover and its baking rules, along with common ingredient substitutions and some kosher-for-Passover recipes to try.

By

Katherine Martinelli

All About Passover Baking (1)

Katherine Martinelli is an award-winning freelance journalist with over 12 years of experience writing about food, travel, and parenting. She is the author of the e-book Puff Pastry at Brunch and has written content and developed recipes for numerous national brands and publications.

Allrecipes' editorial guidelines

Updated on April 14, 2022

All About Passover Baking (2)

What is Passover?

Passover is an important Jewish holiday that typically falls in April and commemorates when Moses helped the Jews escape from slavery in ancient Egypt some 3,000 years ago. There were plagues, there was the parting of the Red Sea, and there was a quick escape. So quick that the Jews didn't have time to let their bread rise before baking it for the journey ahead.

Food plays an integral role in the celebration of Passover. Traditionally, Jewish families start by removing all leavened food products (chametz) from their homes — down to the crumbs. Throughout the entire seven or eight days of Passover (depending on beliefs and location), those observing the holiday are supposed to refrain from eating any leavened bread; instead, matzo — a thin, cracker-like bread — is substituted. The first two nights of Passover are also celebrated with a Seder — a long (and very fun), multicourse kosher-for-Passover meal with lots of food symbolism on a Seder plate, no chametz, and a retelling of the exodus story.

What are the Rules of Passover Baking?

So, what does all that have to do with baking? Lots. Passover celebrates the exodus of the Jews while also commemorating — through food — the struggles that it took to get to freedom. Any fermented grain product is forbidden for the entire week, especially wheat, barley, spelt, oats, and rye. Since fermentation is said to begin within 18 minutes from the time the grain (like wheat flour) comes in contact with water, in order for matzo to be deemed kosher for Passover it can't take more than 18 minutes to make from start to finish.

These rules present a creative challenge for the home baker on Passover since it rules out many cakes, cookies, and other baked desserts. To add another layer to the challenge, many Jewish families keep kosher, which means no mixing of meat and milk — so if you're planning to serve brisket for the main course then the desserts should contain no dairy whatsoever (eggs are fine, however). Of course, different families choose to interpret these rules in different ways, so if you're going to be a guest at a Passover Seder and want to bring something, it's best to ask about specific restrictions.

Common Passover Substitutions

Although baking on Passover requires some extra thought, it's far from impossible — after all, what's a holiday meal without dessert? There are many recipes out there — like flourless chocolate cake and French macarons—that isn't Passover specific but typically fit the specs.

Here are some ingredients you can use in place of flour; many are common in gluten-free baking (note that if you substitute these for all-purpose flour the results will be different and may not be as good, so it's best to seek out recipes that specifically call for these).

  • Matzo meal. This is the old standby of Passover baking. It's simply matzo that has been finely ground (you can make your own or purchase a box at the store). Matzo cake meal, if you can find it, is ground even finer. It can be used to make cake, cookies, and brownies, though the results can be quite dense (which isn't always a bad thing).
  • Potato starch. You might not typically think of baking with potato starch, but it's a traditional flour substitute for Passover. Some people combine it with matzo meal (typically ¾ cup potato starch mixed with ¼ cup matzo cake meal can be substituted for 1 cup of all-purpose flour), while some recipes rely solely on potato starch.
  • Almond flour. Made from very finely ground blanched almonds, almond flour has become an increasingly popular ingredient in recent years (in part because it's gluten-free and Keto-friendly). Almond meal, which is more coarsely ground, can work as well in recipes where you don't need a superfine texture (like brownies or muffins). You can make your own if you have a good quality food processor.
  • Coconut flour. Made from dried and ground coconut meat, coconut flour is an excellent gluten-free option that is also a good source of fiber and healthy fats with a slight coconut flavor. The only issue is that it's still difficult to find certified kosher-for-Passover coconut flour for those who adhere strictly to the regulations.
  • Margarine. Although not Passover-specific, finding a dessert recipe that is dairy-free (so it can be served with a meat meal and still be kosher) can be tricky. Using margarine in place of butter is an easy substitute that can quickly transform a dessert from dairy to pareve (neither meat nor dairy).

Passover Baking Recipes to Try

All About Passover Baking (3)

  • Passover Chocolate Torte A rich flourless chocolate cake that would make a beautiful centerpiece dessert.
  • Passover (Pesach) Brownies Made with matzoh cake meal, eggs, sugar, oil, and walnuts.
  • The Rebbetzin Chef's Persian Walnut Cookies Delicately-spiced, rose-scented cookies with a chewy texture and crisp crust.

Related

  • Browse All Passover Seder Desserts
  • Our 10 Best Traditional Passover Recipes
  • 10 Passover Chicken Recipes
  • 15 Vegetarian Passover Recipes

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All About Passover Baking (2024)

FAQs

Who answers the 4 questions asked at the Passover meal? ›

Traditionally recited at the seder by the youngest child present, the Four Questions, or Mah Nishtanah in Hebrew, ask about certain Passover rituals. Each question and its answer is printed below followed by fun videos your family can use to practice the Four Questions--and their answers--with your children.

What is a substitute for all-purpose flour for Passover? ›

You might not typically think of baking with potato starch, but it's a traditional flour substitute for Passover. Some people combine it with matzo meal (typically ¾ cup potato starch mixed with ¼ cup matzo cake meal can be substituted for 1 cup of all-purpose flour), while some recipes rely solely on potato starch.

What baked goods are forbidden during Passover? ›

Because of this, any type of leavened bread or bread product is prohibited during Passover. These leavened products, known as chametz, include certain grain-based foods like breads, pasta, pastries, breadcrumbs, crackers, etc. Unleavened bread, aka “matzo,” traditionally takes the place of chametz during Passover.

What are the three Passover questions? ›

The Jerusalem Talmud only records three questions; why foods are dipped twice as opposed to once, why matzah is eaten, and why the meat sacrifice eaten is exclusively roasted. (The last question is a reference to the paschal sacrifice which was fire-roasted).

What is the meal during which the Four Questions are asked? ›

One of the main focal points of the traditional Passover seder is the maggid, the telling of the story of the Exodus from Egypt. This story begins with the youngest person at the seder asking the Four Questions (Mah Nishtanah).

What are the 14 steps of eating the Passover meal? ›

The 14 Steps Of The Seder
  • Kiddush (the blessing over wine) – KADEISH.
  • Ritual hand-washing in preparation for the Seder – URCHATZ.
  • Dipping a green vegetable in salt water – KARPAS.
  • Breaking the middle of matzah – MATZAH YACHATZ.
  • Telling the story of Passover – MAGGID.
  • Ritual hand-washing in preparation for the meal – RACHTZA.

Is cream of tartar ok for Passover? ›

These airy, fluffy, cloud-like cookies are popular on Passover because they are grain-free, making them the perfect kosher treat. These meringues use cream of tartar and for anyone who is weary that this ingredient may not be kosher for Passover, indeed it is!

Can I use cake meal instead of matzah meal? ›

Depending on what you're making, you can substitute one for the other, but you do need to keep a few things in mind. You want to consider what you are making before substitution one for the other. Matzo meal is best in recipes for matzo balls, kugel, or Pesach rolls, so it's a good idea to stick to the original recipe.

Can you eat almond flour during Passover? ›

Many Passover recipes call for almond flour or almond meal. Be aware that there is a difference between the two: almond flour is made from blanched (aka peeled) almonds and is finer and fluffier than almond meal, which is made from raw almonds.

What vegetables can you not eat on Passover? ›

Ashkenazi Jews, who are of European descent, have historically avoided rice, beans, corn and other foods like lentils and edamame at Passover. The tradition goes back to the 13th century, when custom dictated a prohibition against wheat, barley, oats, rice, rye and spelt, Rabbi Amy Levin said on NPR in 2016.

Can you eat chocolate on Passover? ›

The world's favorite confection, chocolate, is readily available to kosher consumers as dairy (OU-D), parve (OU) and even for Passover (OU-P).

Is bacon OK for Passover? ›

The laws of kashrut always apply, but not all Jews keep kosher. Non-kosher foods include bacon and shrimp, among many others. Soybeans are also considered kitniyot. For vegetarians who do not eat it, getting through Passover can be difficult without a plant-based protein like tofu.

Why do you dip twice on Passover? ›

The Ben Ish Chai (2) explains that we dip twice because the exile into Egypt took seed with a dipping – Joseph's coat into goat's blood to make it appear as though he had been killed (3) – and the freedom from Egypt began with a dipping – a bundle of hyssop branches into the blood of the Pesach offering, to apply it to ...

What is the most holy day of Passover? ›

The eve of the first day of Passover is when the Seder takes place, so you could say that it is the most important day. The whole holiday lasts 7 days in Israel and 8 days outside of Israel. In Israel the first and seventh days are observed strictly with no work while during the middle days work is allowed.

Who are the 4 boys in the Passover? ›

And, it's great theater. The Four Sons: The Haggadah tells of four sons: first, the wise son—the Chacham, then the evil/rebellious son—the Rasha, followed by the simple son—the Tam, and finally, the son who doesn't know to ask. The scene of these four sons plays a pivotal role in the seder.

What is the significance of the number 4 in the Passover? ›

From the Four Questions to the Four Sons to the Four Cups of Wine, the number four reminds us of the many different aspects of the story of the Exodus and the journey from slavery to freedom.

What four questions are asked by the oldest person at the table during the Passover Seder? ›

Singing the Four Questions traditionally falls to the youngest child at the Passover Seder. It's a much loved, and sometimes dreaded, tradition. Jonathan Berman was 3 when he first regaled his extended family with the Four Questions at their Seder, the ritual meal at which Jews each year retell the story of Passover.

Why does the youngest child ask the Four Questions on Passover? ›

Answer: Our Rabbis tell us that the reason that it is the youngest who asks the four questions, is so that he/she will remain an active participant in the Seder, for after all – the main idea of this Seder is “Hagada” - to tell over the story of our heritage to future generations.

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